iSACA Cybersecurity Fundamentals Certification Practice Exam

What process limits unauthorized access to information?

1. Decryption

2. Encryption

3. Data aggregation

4. Key distribution

The correct answer is: Encryption

Encryption is the process that limits unauthorized access to information by transforming readable data into an unreadable format using algorithms and keys. This process ensures that only individuals or systems with the correct decryption key can convert the data back to its original, readable form. In this way, even if a third party intercepts the encrypted data, they cannot access or understand it without the corresponding key, thereby protecting the confidentiality of information. Decryption, on the other hand, refers to the process of converting encrypted data back into a readable format and does not intrinsically limit access to information but rather restores it. Data aggregation involves collecting and compiling data from various sources, which does not focus on access control. Key distribution is related to managing and distributing encryption keys securely but does not itself prevent unauthorized access to data. Thus, encryption stands out as the primary method for protecting information from unauthorized access.